The antibodies against HCV are difficult to neutralize the constantly emerging large number of new quasi-species viruses (after HCV infection in the host, a dominant mutant strain of viruses is formed in the infected individual after a certain period of time, known as quasi-species). Therefore, the current focus of preventing hepatitis C is on protecting susceptible populations, cutting off transmission routes, early diagnosis, and treating infected HCV patients. Specific measures include:

(1) Strict implementation of the "People's Republic of China Blood Donation Law" and promoting voluntary blood donation. Prohibit the use of HCV-positive and ALT abnormal blood. Organ, tissue transplants, and sperm donors should also undergo strict screening for hepatitis C.

(2) Strengthen supervision and management of blood products. Blood product manufacturers should strictly screen raw plasma, improve virus inactivation processes, and ensure the safety of blood products through testing of semi-finished and finished products. At the same time, the health department should enhance and strengthen the supervision mechanism for blood product production, and address any issues promptly.

(3) Prevent iatrogenic transmission in hospitals by enhancing disinfection and isolation work throughout the hospital, especially for dental instruments, endoscopes, and other invasive diagnostic and therapeutic devices. Minimize or eliminate iatrogenic cross-infections. When an injection route is necessary, sterile procedures must be strictly followed, one person, one needle, and one syringe, and disposable syringes should be promoted.

(4) Strictly adhere to the indications for blood transfusions and blood products, and minimize their use. Healthcare workers should wear gloves when in contact with patients' blood and body fluids, and handle all items contaminated with infected blood with care.

(5) Provide necessary education and propaganda for HCV patients and carriers, and provide active treatment and strict isolation for acute hepatitis C patients to facilitate recovery and prevent the occurrence of secondary cases.

(6) Female patients who want to conceive should undergo HCV treatment first, and should only conceive after the disease has been cured or well controlled, to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.

(7) For HCV (or HCVRNA) positive pregnant women, labor room instruments should be used separately and strictly disinfected. Amniocentesis should be avoided, labor time should be shortened as much as possible, and the integrity of the placenta should be ensured to reduce the newborn's exposure to maternal blood. Skin and mucous membrane damage in newborns should be minimized.

(8) Regular check-ups and strengthened management for individuals with a history of risky sexual behavior. The use of condoms by males plays a good role in preventing sexual transmission of HCV. Correct sexual education should be provided to teenagers.

(9) Provide psychological counseling and safety education to intravenous drug users, and encourage them to quit drug abuse.

(10) Avoid haircuts, ear piercing, tattoos, and sharing razors and dental tools in places with poor hygiene and inadequate disinfection.